14+Metabolism

Metabolism Chapter 19

__**Content Summary **__ //Metabolism is the process of the body that converts fuel from food into the energy that the body needs to engage in all the processes needed to continue living. This action is a result of chemical reactions that take place within the body, and more specifically within the digestive system. These actions are controlled via specific proteins in the body, and act synergistically and simultaneously with other body functions. Metabolic reactions are never alone, and thousands are occurring at any given moment. //

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//Although the processes of anabolism and catabolism are significantly different, neither could exist and flourish without the direct help of the other. Anabolism is also known as constructive metabolism. During this type metabolism simple small molecules are combined with others to from larger molecules such as carbohydrates that are created for the sole purpose of storage. Along with food storage as an energy source for the future, the upkeep of the body tissues is also the responsibility of anabolism. Catabolism on the other hand is metabolism for the here and now, and is also known as the destructive metabolism. The process of catabolism breaks down larger molecules such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins for immediate energy needs. In fact, the energy harvested by catabolism, feeds the process of anabolism and makes it possible by supplying it with the energy it needs. Not only does it supply anabolism with fuel, it also heats the body, and enables muscle to contract and the body to move. Waste products that are produced as a result of catabolism are released in four different ways: through the skin, kidneys, lungs, or intestines. //

//Enzymes are molecules in the digestive system that break down other molecules into a simpler form that the body can more easily digest. A few examples of this would be proteins into amino acids, fats into fatty acids, and carbohydrates into simple sugars. All of these simpler forms can be easily accessed and used as immediate energy. After they are broken down they are admitted into the blood and make their way to the cells that need the energy. Another process that involves enzymes occurs after the energy source reaches the cell. The enzyme here acts as an accelerant to the chemical reaction in order to metabolize the compound faster. The energy given off by these compounds can be stored in other places in the body as well. //

//The BMR, or basal metabolic rate, is the rate at which ones body burns calories while at rest. This rate can play a vital role in the way one loses or gains weight. Someone with a low BMR would have to diet and exercise at an increased level than that of someone who has an extremely high BMR. The total calories burned also impacts the amount of food intake you must take in throughout the day if you are on a diet, or just want to maintain the same weight. //  Source (http://kidshealth.org/parent/general/body_basics/metabolism.html)

**__Application __** //My BMR is 1515.35. Also, according to the Daily Calories Needs (Harris Benedict Equation) my calorie intake should be 2083.61. // //A regular routine of cardiovascular exercise can increase ones BMR. Exercise will reduce body fat and increase lean muscle mass. By increasing lean muscle mass, metabolism will increase and aid in the weight-loss process. Muscle tissue uses more calories than fat tissue because it has a higher metabolic rate. Aerobic exercise, like walking, swimming or cycling, has the added bonus of speeding up your metabolism for 4 to 8 hours after you stop exercising. Additional calories will be burned off long after you stop exercising. // Source One (http://www.bmi-calculator.net/bmr-calculator/) Source Two (http://www.bmi-calculator.net/bmr-calculator/harris-benedict-equation/) Source Three (http://www.consumeraffairs.com/nutrition/metab_speed.html)

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__**Essential Questions **__ //LipoRidAM is a weight loss supplement that is designed to boost metabolism. This is a unique product that has been produced without any stimulant ingredients. Thyroid production, metabolic rate, and neurotransmitter productions naturally decline when the dietary levels decrease. This product contains an ingredient known as gugglestrone which is designed to boost thyroid activity. Other ingredients have an important effect on amino acid metabolism throughout the body. The one downfall of this LipoRidAM is that it contains no active fat burner or appetite suppressant. //

//Crash diets do not work on a physiological level because when the diet is greatly reduced the metabolism shuts down. The metabolic rate thinks that the body is going into starvation mode and thus stores all of the incoming fats, and the body begins to feed on the lean muscle masses of the body. // <span style="color: #008000; display: block; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 130%; text-align: left;"> Source (http://www.ehow.com/about_5501243_drugs-increase-metabolism.html)